Iron deficiency anemia remains a major contributor to maternal illness and mortality worldwide, and despite numerous efforts, rates of anemia have not decreased in low- and middle-income countries. Thankfully, intravenous iron treatments have been demonstrated to be a safe, effective intervention to reduce anemia during pregnancy. However, intravenous iron treatments have not been comprehensively assessed during the postpartum period – until now.

First launched in November 2022, the Prevention of Iron Deficiency Anemia Post-Delivery (PRIORITY) trial aims to determine if a single-dose intravenous iron infusion is more effective than the current standard of care – oral iron supplementation – among postpartum women with moderate anemia in low- and middle-income countries. In addition to comparing outcomes for treating anemia, researchers are assessing trial participants for important secondary outcomes related to anemia, particularly postpartum depression, which can affect maternal quality of life, fatigue, breastfeeding initiation and retention rates, and infant-mother bonding.

“For far too long, research on maternal iron deficiency anemia has been focused on those currently pregnant – while many experience this condition after they’ve given birth, as well,” explained Susan Wiener, Program Manager, Population Health Science, FNIH. “Through the PRIORITY trial, we aim to shine a spotlight on the lasting impacts of iron deficiency anemia in postpartum mothers – with the goal of improving patient outcomes throughout the postpartum journey and beyond.”

The study results are expected to be useful for informing national health policies and practices, improving the care of women.